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Compare American Samoa (2003) - Montserrat (2008)

Compare American Samoa (2003) z Montserrat (2008)

 American Samoa (2003)Montserrat (2008)
 American SamoaMontserrat
Administrative divisions none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three districts and two islands* at the second order; Eastern, Manu'a, Rose Island*, Swains Island*, Western 3 parishes; Saint Anthony, Saint Georges, Saint Peter
Age structure 0-14 years: 37.5% (male 13,557; female 12,818)


15-64 years: 57% (male 19,712; female 20,346)


65 years and over: 5.4% (male 2,081; female 1,746) (2003 est.)
0-14 years: 23.5% (male 1,144/female 1,094)


15-64 years: 65.7% (male 2,989/female 3,281)


65 years and over: 10.8% (male 527/female 503) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas; dairy products, livestock cabbages, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, peppers; livestock products
Airports 3 (2002) 2 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
total: 2


under 914 m: 2 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
-
Area total: 199 sq km


land: 199 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Rose Island and Swains Island
total: 102 sq km


land: 102 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than Washington, DC about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Settled as early as 1000 B.C., Samoa was "discovered" by European explorers in the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. The US formally occupied its portion - a smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year. English and Irish colonists from St. Kitts first settled on Montserrat in 1632; the first African slaves arrived three decades later. The British and French fought for possession of the island for most of the 18th century, but it finally was confirmed as a British possession in 1783. The island's sugar plantation economy was converted to small farm landholdings in the mid 19th century. Much of this island was devastated and two-thirds of the population fled abroad because of the eruption of the Soufriere Hills Volcano that began on 18 July 1995. Montserrat has endured volcanic activity since, with the last eruption occurring in July 2003.
Birth rate 23.26 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) 17.51 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues: $121 million (37% in local revenue and 63% in US grants)


expenditures: $127 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY96/97)
revenues: $31.4 million


expenditures: $31.6 million (1997 est.)
Capital Pago Pago name: Plymouth


geographic coordinates: 16 42 N, 62 13 W


time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


note: Plymouth was abandoned in 1997 because of volcanic activity; interim government buildings have been built at Brades Estate in the Carr's Bay/Little Bay vicinity at the northwest end of Montserrat
Climate tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season from November to April, dry season from May to October; little seasonal temperature variation tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 116 km 40 km
Constitution ratified 1966, in effect 1967 effective 19 December 1989
Country name conventional long form: Territory of American Samoa


conventional short form: American Samoa


abbreviation: AS
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Montserrat
Currency US dollar (USD) -
Death rate 4.38 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) 7.02 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $NA $8.9 million (1997)
Dependency status unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of the US) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of the US) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient important financial support from the US, more than $40 million in 1994 Country Policy Plan (2001) is a three-year program for spending $122.8 million in British budgetary assistance (2002 est.)
Economy - overview This is a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic activity is strongly linked to the US, with which American Samoa conducts most of its foreign trade. Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private sector, with canned tuna the primary export. Transfers from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well-being. Attempts by the government to develop a larger and broader economy are restrained by Samoa's remote location, its limited transportation, and its devastating hurricanes. Tourism, a developing sector, has been held back by the recurring financial difficulties in East Asia. Severe volcanic activity, which began in July 1995, has put a damper on this small, open economy. A catastrophic eruption in June 1997 closed the airports and seaports, causing further economic and social dislocation. Two-thirds of the 12,000 inhabitants fled the island. Some began to return in 1998, but lack of housing limited the number. The agriculture sector continued to be affected by the lack of suitable land for farming and the destruction of crops. Prospects for the economy depend largely on developments in relation to the volcanic activity and on public sector construction activity. The UK has launched a three-year $122.8 million aid program to help reconstruct the economy. Half of the island is expected to remain uninhabitable for another decade.
Electricity - consumption 120.9 million kWh (2001) 18.6 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production 130 million kWh (2001) 20 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Lata 966 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: lava dome in English's Crater (in the Soufriere Hills volcanic complex) estimated at over 930 m (2006)
Environment - current issues limited natural fresh water resources; the water division of the government has spent substantial funds in the past few years to improve water catchments and pipelines land erosion occurs on slopes that have been cleared for cultivation
Ethnic groups Samoan (Polynesian) 89%, Caucasian 2%, Tongan 4%, other 5% black, white
Exchange rates the US dollar is used East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2007), 2.7 (2006), 2.7 (2005), 2.7 (2004), 2.7 (2003)


note: fixed rate since 1976
Executive branch chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001) and Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001)


head of government: Governor Togiola TULAFONO (since 7 April 2003) following the death of Governor Tauese P. SUNIA on 26 March 2003; TULAFONO had been the Lieutenant Governor


cabinet: NA


elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004)


election results: Tauese P. SUNIA reelected governor; percent of vote - Tauese P. SUNIA (Democrat) 50.7%, Lealaifuaneva Peter REID (independent) 47.8%


note: Togiola TULAFONO became acting governor 26 March 2003 upon the death of Governor Tauese P. SUNIA
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Peter A. WATERWORTH (since 27 July 2007)


head of government: Chief Minister Lowell LEWIS (since 2 June 2006)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, the chief minister, three other ministers, the attorney general, and the finance secretary


elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually becomes chief minister
Exports NA (2001) 0 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities canned tuna 93% electronic components, plastic bags, apparel; hot peppers, limes, live plants; cattle
Exports - partners Indonesia 71.1%, Japan 7.7%, Samoa 7.7%, Australia 6.7% (2002) US, Antigua and Barbuda (2006)
Fiscal year 1 October - 30 September 1 April - 31 March
Flag description blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the outer side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Montserratian coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a woman standing beside a yellow harp with her arm around a black cross
GDP purchasing power parity - $500 million (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture: 1.2%


industry: 23.1%


services: 75.7% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $8,000 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate NA% -1% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 14 20 S, 170 00 W 16 45 N, 62 12 W
Geography - note Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean the island is entirely volcanic in origin and comprised of three major volcanic centers of differing ages
Highways total: 350 km


paved: 150 km


unpaved: 200 km
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports NA (2001) 458 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities materials for canneries 56%, food 8%, petroleum products 7%, machinery and parts 6% machinery and transportation equipment, foodstuffs, manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related materials
Imports - partners Australia 41%, New Zealand 23%, South Korea 18% (2002) US, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada (2006)
Independence none (territory of the US) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate NA% NA%
Industries tuna canneries (largely supplied by foreign fishing vessels), handicrafts tourism, rum, textiles, electronic appliances
Infant mortality rate total: 9.82 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 11.61 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 7.93 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
total: 7.03 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.15 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 5.84 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA% 2.6% (2002 est.)
International organization participation ESCAP (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, SPC Caricom, CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km NA
Judicial branch High Court (chief justice and associate justices are appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior) Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia, one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court)
Labor force 14,000 (1996) 4,521


note: lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation government 33%, tuna canneries 34%, other 33% (1990) -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 5%


permanent crops: 10%


other: 85% (1998 est.)
arable land: 20%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 80% (2005)
Languages Samoan (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English


note: most people are bilingual
English
Legal system NA English common law and statutory law
Legislative branch bicameral Fono or Legislative Assembly consists of the House of Representatives (21 seats - 20 of which are elected by popular vote and 1 is an appointed, nonvoting delegate from Swains Island; members serve two-year terms) and the Senate (18 seats; members are elected from local chiefs and serve four-year terms)


elections: House of Representatives - last held 7 November 2002 (next to be held NA November 2004); Senate - last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004)


election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - independents 18


note: American Samoa elects one nonvoting representative to the US House of Representatives; election last held 7 November 2002 (next to be held NA November 2004); results - Eni F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA (Democrat) reelected as delegate
unicameral Legislative Council (11 seats, 9 popularly elected; members serve five-year terms)


note: expanded in 2001 from 7 to 9 elected members with attorney general and financial secretary sitting as ex-officio members


elections: last held 31 May 2006 (next to be held by 2011)


election results: percent of vote by party - MCAP 36.1%, NPLM 29.4%, MDP 24.4%, independents 10.1%; seats by party - MCAP 4, NPLM 3, MDP 1, independents 1


note: in 2001, the Elections Commission instituted a single constituency/voter-at-large system whereby all eligible voters cast ballots for all nine seats of the Legislative Council
Life expectancy at birth total population: 75.75 years


male: 71.35 years


female: 80.41 years (2003 est.)
total population: 79 years


male: 76.8 years


female: 81.31 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 97%


male: 98%


female: 97% (1980 est.)
definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 97%


male: 97%


female: 97% (1970 est.)
Location Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and New Zealand Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico
Map references Oceania Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
territorial sea: 3 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine none (2002 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the US defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches - no regular military forces; Royal Montserrat Police Force (2005)
National holiday Flag Day, 17 April (1900) Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)
Nationality noun: American Samoan(s)


adjective: American Samoan
noun: Montserratian(s)


adjective: Montserratian
Natural hazards typhoons common from December to March severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (Soufriere Hills volcano has erupted continuously since 1995)
Natural resources pumice, pumicite NEGL
Net migration rate 3.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders Democratic Party [leader NA]; Republican Party [leader NA] Montserrat Democratic Party or MDP [Lowell LEWIS]; Movement for Change and Prosperity or MCAP [Roselyn CASSELL-SEALY]; New People's Liberation Movement or NPLM [John A. OSBORNE]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 70,260 (July 2003 est.) 9,538


note: an estimated 8,000 refugees left the island following the resumption of volcanic activity in July 1995; some have returned (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 2.22% (2003 est.) 1.048% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Aunu'u (new construction), Auasi, Faleosao, Ofu, Pago Pago, Ta'u -
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways 0 km -
Religions Christian Congregationalist 50%, Roman Catholic 20%, Protestant and other 30% Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Seventh-Day Adventist, other Christian denominations
Sex ratio at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.19 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.046 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.911 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.048 male(s)/female


total population: 0.955 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: good telex, telegraph, facsimile and cellular telephone services; domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
general assessment: modern and fully digitalized


domestic: NA


international: country code - 1-664; landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber System (ECFS) optic submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad
Telephones - main lines in use 13,000 (1997) NA
Telephones - mobile cellular 2,550 (1997) NA
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) 1 (1997)
Terrain five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island) volcanic island, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland
Total fertility rate 3.3 children born/woman (2003 est.) 1.77 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 6% (2000) 6% (1998 est.)
Waterways none -
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